gregory dwarstof pirate

American bounding main helm (1825–1904)

William D. Gregory
Born	(1825-12-31)December 31, 1825 Marblehead, Massachusetts , Us
Died	Baronial 14, 1904(1904-08-14) (aged 78) Marblehead, Massachusetts, US
Nationality	American
Occupation	Shipmaster
Years active	c. 1840–1866

William Doliber Gregory (Dec 31, 1825 – Baronial xiv, 1904) was an American body of water captain born in Marblehead, Massachusetts. Gregory was captain of the clipper send Tejuca from her 1854 completion to her foundering and sinking in an 1856 hurricane; Gregory and most of his crew were rescued only at the terminal moment by the mettlesome intervention of a passing transport. Gregory was later commander of the bark Albers, and in 1857 is said to have put down a riot on his transport virtually singlehanded.

With the outbreak of the American Civil War in April 1861, Gregory took a temporary committee in the United states Navy and was given command of the brig USSBohio. Bohio under Gregory's command took a number of prizes, the almost remarkable example of which involved a ruse to disguise his vessel as a steamship in order to deceive the enemy into surrendering.

After resigning from the Navy, Gregory struggled to discover a new control due to the exigencies of war. His last voyage as a mariner was reportedly made in 1866.

Life and career [edit]

William Doliber Gregory was built-in on December 31, 1825, in Marblehead, Massachusetts,^{[1] [2]} to John H. Gregory, a shipmaster, and his wife Tabitha (née Bowden).^{[iii] [4]} William was 1 of seven sons from the spousal relationship, at least five of whom would become body of water captains like their male parent, and iii of whom—Samuel, Michael and William—would accept notable seafaring careers.^{[2] [5]}

Gregory began his career as a sailor in about 1840, at the age of fifteen, somewhen working his fashion up to the rank of captain.^[2] In 1849 he was a coiffure fellow member of the bark Lucia Maria of Salem, Massachusetts, on a voyage bound for Zanzibar, Tanzania.^{[6] [ non-primary source needed ]} While still in his early twenties, he supervised the construction of the clipper ship Sunny South, built in 1850, which his older brother Michael would captain.^[two]

Tejuca (1854–1856) [edit]

Rescue of Gregory and the crew of Tejuca in 1856

In 1854, Gregory supervised structure of the 470-ton clipper ship Tejuca,^[a] which was built in Hoboken, New Jersey, by Isaac C. Smith & Son.^[7] Gregory took command afterwards the ship's completion, and would remain her master throughout her brief career.^[2]

Tejuca was congenital for the coffee trade, and between June 1854 and July 1855 she made three round trips between New York Metropolis and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, returning via Bahia, Brazil, on each occasion with about v,000 bags of coffee.^{[8] [9] [x]} On the 2d such trip, she reportedly made "one of the quickest passages on tape" between Rio and New Orleans, Louisiana.^[11] Her last voyage to Rio returned with a cargo of sugar, arriving New York on Dec 7.^[12]

On December 27, 1855, Tejuca set out from New York on her commencement attempted transatlantic crossing, with a cargo of sugar bound for Queenstown, Ireland. A few days out, on January 5, the transport ran into what Gregory afterward described every bit a "terrible hurricane".^[13] At midnight, Tejuca shipped a sea which rolled the vessel well-nigh on her axle ends, bankrupt about of the yards, and destroyed or swept away everything on deck including the lifeboats, the seawater also contaminating the crew's nutrient stores and drinking water.^[13]

By the 7th, with no provisions and the send settling fast, Gregory and his crew had abased hope of survival when a sheet appeared on the horizon, belonging to the ship Excelsior. Excelsior 'south helm, Eben Mitchell, attempted to come to Tejuca 's aid, but was unable to launch lifeboats in the raging storm. He finally decided on the hazardous tactic of bringing his transport aslope the stricken vessel, an human activity which would chance the safe of his own vessel. The maneuver proved successful, and most of Tejuca 'south crew were able to bound to safe, except for one man who lost his footing and was crushed between the two vessels.^[13] Gregory himself almost fell, but was pulled aboard Excelsior by a member of his coiffure.^[2]

In addition to the loss of the ship, Gregory also lost "a very valuable drove of interesting and valuable manufactures, the accumulations of many years" in the disaster.^[ii] He later on wrote a testimonial praising the courage of Mitchell and his crew,^[13] and Mitchell was subsequently awarded for gallantry for the rescue by an association of shipmasters.^[xiv]

Albers (1857–1861) [edit]

Following the loss of Tejuca, Gregory assumed command in 1857 of the 360-ton bark Albers,^[2] built in Topsham, Massachusetts, in 1844, and owned by Bush & Wilder of Boston.^[15] Taking accuse of the vessel at that metropolis, Gregory sailed her to Charleston, South Carolina, then to Buenos Aires, Argentina; Montevideo, Uruguay; and Patagonia, before returning to Baltimore.^[2] From there, he took the ship to China via Hong Kong,^[2] where she was sold for $4,000 (equivalent to $121,000 in 2021); he all the same remained in command.^[16] His next port of phone call with Albers was Whampoa, "where he was violently ill",^[xvi] but after recovering he took the vessel on to County and Swatow, when she was once more sold, with Gregory once more remaining in command. In September 1860, Albers departed Sigua with a cargo of rice spring for Manila. Here Gregory left the vessel and returned to San Francisco in another ship, arriving Apr 4, 1861.^[16]

An anecdote from Gregory's service on Albers appeared in an article printed decades later in The Boston Globe. According to the commodity, Gregory had been obliged to hire a new crew at the port of Macau during his 1857 voyage. On the communication of the American delegate, he paid the coiffure in advance, but he subsequently heard that his new crew included a number of men known for jumping transport with their wages.^[17]

While sharing a meal with the new owner of Albers at the latter's residence, Gregory received word that the coiffure were running wild aboard ship. Hurrying back to the vessel, Gregory caught i coiffure fellow member attempting to swim ashore, and dragged him back aboard.^[17] Arriving on deck, he found other crew members "running about brandishing knives",^[17] while the mate and a loyal shipmate were at a loss to end them. The Globe describes what occurred next:^[17]

Capt. Gregory was armed with a stout cane, and every bit he stepped on the deck began knocking the rioters downwardly, correct and left. Then he went at them with his fists, fighting then effectually that order was soon restored. The transport was taken down the stream, and the voyage to Manila, thence to Hong Kong, was made without further problem.^[17]

Not long after Gregory'southward return to the U.s.a., his employers, Bush & Wilder, purchased a new transport for him to take on another voyage to China. Earlier he could practice so however, the U.s. Navy requisitioned the vessel for service in the American Civil War which had recently broken out, thus depriving him of his new command.^[xvi]

Naval service (1861–1862) [edit]

With the outbreak of the civil state of war in April 1861, the United states of america Navy needed to undertake a rapid expansion, despite having lost many officers to the newly formed Confederate States of America. To accost the critical shortage of personnel, the Navy created temporary commissions, enabling volunteers from the merchant marine to become naval officers with little or no additional training.^[five] In the autumn of 1861, William Gregory and his brothers Michael and Samuel all volunteered for, and received, such commissions.^{[5] [18]}

Dismissal and reinstatement, 1861 [edit]

William Gregory was apace given command of the steam gunboat USSE. B. Hale, with the rank of Acting Master, while his older blood brother Samuel joined him on the aforementioned vessel with the rank of Master'due south Mate.^[19] No sooner had the two men been appointed to these posts, however, than they were both summarily dismissed from the Navy without caption. Later making inquiries, William and Samuel discovered that some political opponents in their abode town of Marblehead had preferred charges of disloyalty against them to the Secretary of the Navy, Gideon Welles.^[eighteen]

Returning dwelling house, the two brothers organized "a large and enthusiastic meeting"^[18] of the boondocks's residents at Lyceum Hall, where resolutions were adopted condemning the charges confronting the two as imitation, and expressing confidence in their loyalty to the nation.^[18] The brothers then returned to Washington, D.C. with both a record of the coming together and a petition "signed by nearly every legal voter in Marblehead";^[xviii] they were quickly reinstated to the service,^[20] with William being given command of the armed brig USSBohio,^[16] effective October three, 1861,^[20] and Samuel control of the steam gunboat USSWestern Earth.^{[v] [eighteen]}

USS Bohio (1862) [edit]

Bohio was subsequently assigned to the West Gulf Blockading Squadron in the Gulf of Mexico, and departed January 1, 1862. Arriving off the coast of Louisiana, Bohio sighted and gave hunt on February 7 to a schooner sailing under the British flag. On catching the vessel, she was discovered to be the Amalgamated schooner Eugenie Smith, spring for Matamoras from Havana, Republic of cuba,^[b] with a "valuable cargo"^[20] of java, soap, dry goods and other items. Her officers and crew were taken prisoner, and the captured vessel placed in the hands of a prize-master, who sailed her to the U.South. District Courtroom at Central Westward, Florida.^[20]

Bohio proceeded on to the Southwest Laissez passer, at the oral fissure of the Mississippi River, arriving March 7. Here, Gregory received intelligence that a "suspicious-looking" schooner flying the British flag had been recently hailed in the vicinity by a U.s.a. Navy ship, but allowed to go along because her papers seemed to exist in order. Gregory requested and received permission to pursue the vessel, and at 11 pm set sail on an interception course.^[22]

At 5 am the next forenoon, Bohio sighted the vessel, simply the latter immediately set all sails to evade her pursuer, and a chase ensued. Finding after some hours that he was unable to gain on the other ship, Gregory devised a ruse past which he hoped to deceive her captain. He had his crew erect a 12-foot length of stovepipe, fastened to some barrels on deck, to resemble a smokestack. Sand was placed in the bottom barrel to protect the deck, and a fire was then started in the stovepipe "with bits of rope, one-time junk, tar and other materials"^[22] to create smoke. Simultaneously, he had the coiffure constantly wet the sails to increase Bohio 'south speed. Seeing Bohio gaining on his ship, and the smoke coming from the stovepipe, the captain of the fleeing vessel was deceived into thinking that Bohio was a steamship; concluding that the race was futile, he hove to at virtually 2 pm and surrendered. The vessel turned out to be the Confederate schooner Henry Travers.^{[22] [23]}

Bohio took several other prizes while nether the command of Gregory.^[22] On 13 May, the schooner Deer Island was captured in Mississippi Audio with a cargo of flour and rice.^[24] On June 21, Bohio captured the sloop Fifty. Rebecca spring from Biloxi, Mississippi, to Mobile, Alabama,^[25] and on June 27, the brig captured the sloop Moving ridge on its fashion from Mobile to Mississippi Urban center with a cargo of flour.^[26] Not long after, Gregory resigned his committee,^{[xvi] [27]} reportedly due to some sick feeling betwixt himself and some of the other officers.^[i]

Afterwards life and career [edit]

Later on leaving the Navy, Gregory spent some time "with his blood brother Augustus in Catalina Island", California.^[16] He eventually returned home as mate aboard the mammoth clipper Great Democracy, every bit he was unable to secure a command of his own due to the exigencies of the war. His final voyage as a mariner was in 1866, as primary mate of the Argentinian ship Panama, bound for Buenos Aires.^[16]

Personal details [edit]

Gregory married Deborah Anne Thayer at Marblehead on iii September 1848, when she was xviii.^[28] The couple had v children: William Chisholm (1848–1923), Annie (1854–1920), Michael B. (1857–1865), Adeline Maria (1859–1869) and Maria L. (1867–1876). Gregory'south wife died in 1868, and he never remarried.^{[four] [ non-main source needed ]}

Gregory was a Freemason.^[29] He died on 19 August 1904 at the age of 78.^[4] He and the other members of his immediate family are buried in the family plot in Waterside Cemetery, Marblehead.

Footnotes [edit]

1. ^ Lindsey refers to Tejuca as a bark,^[2] but all contemporaneous sources describe her as a ship (see newspaper articles beneath) and the sole illustration of the vessel—the painting by Thomas Pitman (see above)—shows her to be ship-rigged.
2. ^ ^{[xx] [21]} Neither source clarifies which Matamoras the vessel was bound for.

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b} Coddington 2016. pp. 51–52.
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k} Lindsey 1915. p. 68
3. ^ "William D Gregory". Ancestry.com. Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, Usa: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011. Original data: Boondocks and City Clerks of Massachusetts. Massachusetts Vital and Town Records. Provo, UT, United states: Holbrook Inquiry Institute (Jay and Delene Holbrook).
4. ^ ^{a b c} "William D. Gregory". Ancestry.com. Massachusetts, Expiry Records, 1841-1915 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, US: Beginnings.com Operations, Inc., 2013. Original data: Massachusetts Vital Records, 1840–1911. New England Historic Genealogical Gild, Boston, Massachusetts.
5. ^ ^{a b c d} Schultz, Mark Roman (Spring 1990). "Interim Principal Samuel B. Gregory: The Trials of An Unexperienced Captain on the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron". The American Neptune. Vol. 50, no. two. Salem, MA: Peabody Museum of Salem. pp. 89–90.
6. ^ "Wm D Gregory". Ancestry.com. Salem and Beverly, Massachusetts, Crew Lists and Shipping Articles, 1797-1934 [database on-line]. Lehi, UT, U.s.a.: Beginnings.com Operations, Inc., 2019. Original information: Massachusetts, Salem and Beverly Coiffure Lists and Shipping Manufactures, 1797-1934. Common salt Lake City, UT, US: FamilySearch, 2016. Selected Rider and Crew Lists and Manifests. National Archives at Boston.
7. ^ "Isaac C. Smith and Son". The New York Herald. June 29, 1854. p. ii – via Newspapers.com.
8. ^ "Shipping Intelligence" (PDF). The Evening Post. New York. October 16, 1854. p. iii.
9. ^ "Imports by Sea". New Orleans Cost-Current, Commercial Intelligencer and Merchants' Transcript. March fourteen, 1855. p. 3 – via Newspapers.com.
10. ^ "Wed Evening, Sept. five" (PDF). Semi-Weekly Courier and New-York Enquirer. September 8, 1855. p. 4.
11. ^ "Untitled". The Daily Little. New Orleans. March 14, 1855. p. two – via Newspapers.com.
12. ^ "Arrived" (PDF). New York Tribune. Dec 15, 1855. p. 8.
13. ^ ^{a b c d} "Disasters, &c" (PDF). New York Tribune. April 2, 1856. p. viii.
14. ^ "A Well Deserved Testimonial". The Daily Picayune. New Orleans. June 10, 1856. p. 3? – via Newspapers.com.
15. ^ New-York Marine Annals 1858. p. 78.
16. ^ ^{a b c d due east f g h} Lindsey 1915. p. 69.
17. ^ ^{a b c d due east} Roads, Samuel Jr (January 21, 1900). "Mutinies on New England Ships". The Boston World. p. 33.
18. ^ ^{a b c d e f} Roads 1880. pp. 304–305.
19. ^ "Ground forces and Navy" (PDF). The Philadelphia Inquirer. September vi, 1861.
20. ^ ^{a b c d e} Roads 1880. p. 305.
21. ^ Civil War Naval Chronology 1961–1966. p. 18.
22. ^ ^{a b c d} Roads 1880. pp. 306–307.
23. ^ Ceremonious War Naval Chronology 1961–66. p. 30.
24. ^ Civil War Naval Chronology 1961–66. p. 63.
25. ^ Ceremonious War Naval Chronology 1961–66. p. 71.
26. ^ Civil State of war Naval Chronology 1961–66. p. 74.
27. ^ Roads 1880. p. 307.
28. ^ Vital Records of Marblehead 1904, pp. 188, 421.
29. ^ "William Dolbear Gregory". Ancestry.com. Massachusetts, Mason Membership Cards, 1733-1990 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, US: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2013. Original data: Massachusetts Grand Lodge of Masons Membership Cards 1733–1990. New England Historic Genealogical Social club, Boston, Massachusetts.

Bibliography [edit]

• Civil War Naval Chronology 1861–1865 (Part II—1862). Washington, D.C.: The states Navy History Division. 1961–1966. pp. 18, 30, 63, 71, 74.
• Coddington, Ronald S. (2016). Faces of the Civil War Navies: An Album of Union and Amalgamated Sailors. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 51. ISBN978-1-4214-2136-0.
• Lindsey, Benjamin J. (1915). Former Marblehead Bounding main Captains and the Ships in Which They Sailed. Marblehead, Massachusetts: Marblehead Historical Club. pp. 68–69.
• New-York Marine Annals. New York Metropolis, New York: Board of Underwriters. 1858. p. 78.
• Roads, Samuel Jr (1880). The History and Traditions of Marblehead. Boston: Houghton, Osgood and Visitor. pp. 304–307.
• Vital Records of Marblehead, Massachusetts, to the Terminate of the Year 1849. Vol. 2: Marriages and Deaths. Salem, Massachusetts: The Essex Institute. 1904.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_D._Gregory

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